Narrative Perspective

Narrator (Erzähler): The “voice” that tells a story. Unless it is an autobiography, the narrator is not identical with the author/writer.

Point of view (Erzählperspektive): The angle from which characters, events, etc. are presen¬ted in a fabulous text. The alleged point of appearance has a able aftereffect on the reader; for example, we tend to acknowledge (reagieren) added affably to a appearance whose apperception we “enter”, as we acquaintance for ourselves what the appearance goes through. In the advance of abounding belief the point of appearance changes to accomplish account added interesting.

First person narrator / limited point of view (Ich-Erzähler): The narrator is a appearance in the adventure and uses the aboriginal being atypical (“I”). This narrator may be either the advocate (Haupt¬person) or a accessory character, who is just a affectionate of eyewitness (neutraler Beobachter). As aboriginal being account presents the activity through the eyes of alone one character, the narrator has a bound point of view. The clairvoyant tends to analyze with the narrator.

Interior monologue (innerer Monolog): A accurate anatomy of aboriginal being account which presents a character’s thoughts, associations and memories. Interior mono¬logues generally do not chase archival order, since, if humans think, their thoughts jump from one accountable to another.

Third being bound narrator / bound point of appearance (personaler Erzähler/~s Erzählverhalten): The narrator stands alfresco the adventure and uses the third being (“he”, “she” or “they”) to accredit to the characters but presents the contest mainly from the angle of alone one character, i.e. he “limits” himself to the angle of this character.

Third being all-seeing narrator / absolute point of view, generally alleged all-seeing narrator [Âm`nIsiEnt] [from Latin omnis: everything, scire: to know] (allwissender Erzähler): The narrator can (at atomic theoreti¬cally) attending into the minds of all characters and acquaint us about their thoughts and feelings. He can attending into the past, acquaint about the present and aswell ahead the future.

Reported anticipation (erlebte Rede): Thoughts, memo¬ries, associations, etc., are presented as repor¬ted accent (third person, accomplished tense) but after accepted phrases like “she thought”, “he wondered”, “she asked herself” etc. This address creates the apparition of affectionate admission to a character’s mind.

Stream of alertness (Bewusstseinsstrom): An attack to back the continuous, generally un-struc¬tured or even anarchic breeze of thoughts and affections in the animal mind. Typical characteristics of this address are abridged sentences, abrupt all-overs or even complete abridgement of any acceptable syn¬tac¬tical anatomy and punctuation.

Intrusive narrator (auktorialer Erzähler/~s Erzählverhalten): The narrator makes e.g. comments on the story, may reflect about the action of autograph and may try to access the reader. He array of “intrudes” (stören, eindringen) on the clairvoyant and the account process.

Mode of presentation (Art der Darstellung): The way a biographer narrates events. The columnist can either acquaint the readers about contest and their acceptation or appearance the clairvoyant what is happening. Most belief use a aggregate of both techniques.

Scenic presentation (szenische Erzählung): An accident is presented in detail as it occured, i.e. a arena is declared (= showing).

Panoramic presentation (berichtende Erzählung): The narrator tells the adventure as a abridged (ver-dichtet) alternation of events, summarizing in a few sentences what happened over a best aeon of time (= telling).